直升機飛行教員手冊 Helicopter Flight Instructor Manual
時間：2012-06-08 09:45來源：藍天飛行翻譯 作者：航空 點擊：次
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To view this page ensure that Adobe Flash Player version 9.0.124 or greater is installed. Trees Helicopter operations very often involve flying low over trees, and the pilot may have no choice in the matter despite the obvious dangers of an engine failure or similar emergency. However, when pilots do have a choice they should fly the clearest flight path available. Rising ground Pilots should fly towards rising ground at an angle of less than 90°. This will make turning away easier in the event of an emergency or meeting downdrafting air. Water During over water operations in poor visability, to avoid loss of visual horizon, maintain visual contact with fixed references such as shore line, ship or other structures, if possible. Particluar note is to be made of the hazards associated with low level operations over smooth water surfaces. High winds Point out the hazards of flying low level in high winds, including: drift during turns the danger of losing airspeed whilst trying to maintain groundspeed when turning from into wind to downwind. This is particularly hazardous when flying at high AUW at high-density altitudes. Point out that radio performance generally deteriorates quickly at low altitudes. Demonstrate the technique for carrying out a low-level autorotation. Assign a local cross-country route to be flown at minimum legal and safe altitude involving as many of the above points as possible. Special Techniques Turning and Climbing - Low Level Minimum radius turns can be achieved by reducing speed during the turning manoeuvre. For climbs, cyclic is more effective at speeds above the Rate of Climb (ROC) speed whilst collective is more effective below ROC speed. AIR EXERCISE Fly the cross-country as assigned and planned by the student. Demonstrate low-level flying techniques. Student practice TIPS FOR INSTRUCTORS Brief the student on the use of both the cyclic and collective together to avoid obstacles such as wires or trees. Include a check of temperatures and pressures at each turning point to ensure they are not forgotten. |
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